Method of pneumatic control of various mechanisms.



W. G. HAAS.

METHOD OF PNEUMATIC CONTROL OF VARIOUS MECHANISMS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 1o. 1911.

W. G. H'AAS.

METHOD 0F PNEUMATIC CONTROL 0F VARIOUS MECHANISMS.

APPLlcATloN FlLED FEB.10.1917.

l ,-291 ,4:88. Patented Jan. 14, 1919.

l 6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Snowdon W. G. HAAS.

METHOD 0F PNEUMATIC CONTROL OF VARIOUS MECHANISMS.

APPLICATION FILED rEB.1o.1911.

g Patented Jan.14,1919.

3 l 5 SHEETS-SHEET 3- ,1 l '6l R 4645 54 55 53 4Z 2 //f9 I 59 47 I i I I Y WA@ 6,4 55,16! ge/ 57.

$7/ l 4I f I 5-\\ l 33 4ZA 43 1 l l/(f W. G. HAAS.

METHOD 0F PNEUMATIC CONTROL 0F VARIOUS MECHANISMS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.10.1917.

1.291,488. Patented .1311.111919 6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

ffl lf2 flag.

W. G. HAAS.

METHOD 0F PNEUMATIC CONTROL 0F VARIOUS MECHANISMS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. l0. 1917.

Patented Jan. 14,1919.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5 w. s. HAASA METHOD OF PNEUMATIC CONTROL OF VARIOUS MECHANISMS.

I APPLICATION FILED FEB. IO $917. 1,291,488.

Elu/aways IIB WLa! Original application filed August 24, 1916, Serial No. 116,644.

` i. ITED STATS PATEN OFFICE.

WALTER G. HAAS, 0F DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE MIDDLETOWN MACHINE COMPANY,.OF IVIIDDLETOWN,` OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

METHOD OF PNEUMATIC CONTROL OF VARIOUS MECHANISMS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

atented Jan. 14, 1919.

Divided and this application filed February 10, 1917. Serial No. 147,753.

To all @cham 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I. IVM/rim G. HAAS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayt0n,`i n the county `of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inl\Iethods of Pneumatic Control of `Various Mechanisms. of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

My invention relates to an apparatus for and method of pneumatic control of` various mechanisms.

In the embodiment illustrated and dcscribed herein this pneumatic vcontrol is applied to a particular machine tool. I do not limit myself to such application as this control may be applied to .many machines in numerous arts, as for instance in brakes, hoisting machines, etc.

My object is to provide a pneumatic control which will operate a machine element, as for instance, a carriage on a lathe, in a forward or rearward direction and to simultaneouslywith the movement in one direction operate other mechanism as for instancelocking the tool turret on the carriage as it progresses into operative position.

In particular my object is to provide an apparatus or a method of pneumatic control through a mechanism which may he, controlled by a single device, by one movement of which both an inlet of air and the exhaustof air would be accomplished 'for operation ot'one, portion of the mechanism and a locking or unlocking of another portion ot' the mechanism would be secured simultaneously.

It is my object to provide conduits which may be used t'or both the inlet and the exhaust of the air to operate any portion ot the mechanism. the inlet and exhaust or 'the exhaust and inlet taking place in suc-` cession, thereby using the same conduit for air traveling in either direction: and to provide means t'or maintaining the air at 'any desired pressure.

The, present invention relates to the method of delivering air under pressure to the machine tool or apparatus; in directing `such air from the supply in a prede termined direction` in applying the same to moving parts to advanceor retreat the cai'- riage ot' such machine or apparatus.

A further step of the method to beiusually employed, is that of reducing the pres sure applied to the moving parts as comparedl with the pressure in the supply,

whereby a vmore perfect and controlled manipulation ot' the carriage is obtained.

Another branch of my method consists in utilizing air under'pressure to actuate a lock by which to unite the tool turret to the arriage and hold the tool in working position. and in releasing the air from the ock to unlock the turret and carriage and permit.. the turret lto partially revolve to present a new tool to the work.

In practice all the steps of both branches of this method of pneumatic lathe operatingr and controlling carriages and chucks will generally be utilized, but the method as it affects the operation ot' the carriage may be utilized with and without thev second branch of the method which goes to the locking and unlocking ot the tool turret.

The use of the term machine tool` is simply for thepurposes ot convenience and I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself in any particular to any one machine. as my invention is susceptible of the. widest application.

The present application is a division ot' the application liled h v me Aug. :2J-th. 1916` Ser. No. 116.611.

In the accompanying drawings. Figure 1- illustrates a side elevation of a machine tool with my invention mounted thereon:

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of.

the motor: Fig. 3 is a bottonrplan view of a detail otI the connection of the control handle on the controller; Fig. i is an end view ot' the controller handle for the controller: Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section ot' the controller and regulator; 'Fig'. 6 is a horizontal longitudinal section ot' the controller and regulator; Fig. 7 is a vertical section ot the valve for checking the advance of a tool at an abnormal rate: Fig. S is a horizontal section on the line a--w ot' Fig. T: Fig. 9 is a vertical transverse section on the line ot' Fig.l 5; Fig. 10 is a vertical transverse section on the line c-c ot" Fig. 5; Figs. 11 to 1J. show a modified form and in these figures. Fig. 11 is a trans'-VV verse vertical section on the line 1-1 of Fig. l-l: Fig. 1'2 is a vertical transverse section on the liiu` i-b ot' Fig. 1l: Fig.'13

` tion and arrangement of ports in the conv is'a bottom plan view illustrating the locatroller illustrated by Fig.r14; Fig. 14 is a Avertical longitudinal section of the controller and regulator; Fig. 15 is a vertical section of the pneumatic lock on the tool turret; Fig. 16 is a bottom plan view of the arrangement of ports in the controller; Fig.'

17 is a similar view showing the location of the supply port and connecting passages 1n the controller; Fig. 18 is a top plan view of the packing ring; Fig. 19 is a front elevation of the controller,4 the handle of which is in vertical section at right angles to the line of vision of the observer; Fig. 20 is a vertical section on the longitudinal artis of the controller, in Fig. 5; and Fig. 21 is a detail sectional view on the hne f/-f/ of Fig. 11 showing the means to have a certain set low pressure as a base to 1ncrcase trom if so desired.

Assembly. (Fig. 1)

v1 designates generally a machine topl t0 which my invention has been applied as illustrated in Fig. 1. 2 designates the motor attached to the lathe bed 3; 4 indicates the controller; 5 the controller handle; 6 the gage on the regulator indicating to .the operator the amount of air pressure being used for each operation. `7 indicates the air conduit leading from the controller conveying air to the forward end of the cylinder 2 and entering the cylinder at 8. 9 1indicates the conduit conveying air to the rear end of the cylinder 2. entering the c vhnder at 10. 11 indicates the 'air conduit conveying air to the pneumatic loc-k 12 entering it at 13. 14 indicates the valve placed 1n the conduit or air line 9 for regulating the flow of the air in that conduit.

15 designates the piston rod connected to the piston 16 within the cylinder 2; this plston rod is connected at 16 to an arm 17 which is in turn connected at 18 to the. carriage 19 upon which is mounted the tool turret 20 with its accompanying pneumatic lock 12. 21 indicates the portion of the tool turret in which the tools arel inserted. 22 designates the conduit conveying the air from the source of supply to the regulator and controller.

(Fig. 2) In Fig. 1() designates the pointof communication of `the conduit 9 with the rear end of the cylinder 2, 15 the piston rod and 16 the piston. while 8 designates the point of communication of the air conduit 7 with the forward end of the cylinder. 23 designates thel brackets which attach the cylinder to the machine tool or lathe bed 3.

most of the parts are the same. n 22 is the conduit from the source ot' supply Reg/Matar.

In Fig. 5'

of a'r which is attached to the bottom of the regulator casing 24. The air is conveyed throughthe inlet orifice 25. This air passage' is drilled through a standard 26 projecting into the interior of the pressure chamberl'27. The standard terminates in a cone shaped head at right angles toits main body, designated as 28, and the orifice 25 istatr the tip of the cone 28. rlhis orifice is closed by a. rubber or other resilient medium in the shape of a plu 29 Carried by a plunger 30 in a shell 31. his plunger and shell travel in a guideway 32 located in one Wall of the pressure chamber 27. When this plunger, shell and plug are advanced so that the rubber plug seals the orifice 25 the supply of air is cut oif from the pressure chamber 27. The retreat of this plug, plunger and shell opens the orifice for the admission of air through the orifice 25 from the supply conduit 22. 33 is a screw plu in the wall of the pressure chamber 27 w lich may be removed for the adjustment of the plug 38,

the plunger 30 and the accompanying mech- 39. 40 indicates a pair of fingers connected at 41 with the diaphragm and spanning the standard 26 containing the inlet port and reuniting at 42-42 (Fig. 6) by juncture with the shell 31 which carries the rubber scalino plug 29 and the screw plug 30. 43is a sealr3 ing medium. by which the diaphragm is attached to A,the wall of the pressure chamber. 44 is a helical spring surrounding the extension 45 of the plate 38, and normally pressing against the plate 38 at a point 46 at one end and at the other end pressing against the cup-shaped end 47 of a plunger 48 at the point. 49. The plunger 48 has an enlarged beveled head 50. The surface ofthe beveled head 50 is in contact with the cam surface 51 carried on the end of the handle 5.

52 indicates an arm extending out from the bed ot' the machine tool to which the controller and regulator are attached by a. strap 53.

In operation the movement of the handle 5 to the right, Figs. 5, 6 and 14 will cause the cam surface 51 to bear upon the head 50 oi the plunger 48 which in turn com-I presses the helical spring 44. thereby exerting a pressure upon the plate 38 and the attached diaphragm 37, tending to straighten the angle of curvature of the diaphragm 37 and at the same time carry with it iu a left lmnddirection the members 40-40. the shell 31. the plunger 30 and the rubber sealing plug 29 opening the inlet orifice 25 and 34. UponI the movement of the handle to the desired point a certain pressure will be exerted upon the helical spring 44 and the diaphragm 37 will be affected to the extent desired,` thereby opening through its attached mechanism the orifice 25 and allowing air to enter the pressure chamber. When the quantity of air entering the chamber becomes reater than the force exerted upon the helical spring 44 which has been compressed to a desired amount through the handle 5 and the plunger 48,*then t e increased pressure will overcome the tension of the helical spring 44, will move the diaphragm 37 against the spring 4l and seal the orifice 25 as the sealing mechanism 29, 30 and '31, 42, 40 and l1 is attached to the diaphragm 37. As soon as the air within the pressure lchamber has made its exit and reduced/the" pressure. below the ytension or pressure "jon the helical spring due to its setting, then the helical spring will overcome the pressure with'in the pressure chamber and advance to the left hand once more the diaphragm 37 opening the orifice again and allowing air to enter the second time. This fiuctuation of the diaphragm 37 continues with the alternate expansion and compression of the helical spring -14 and the alternate opening and closing of the inlet orificeor port 25, thereby maintaining a uniform pressure within the pressure chamber at any desired point which is determined b v the setting of the plunger 4S and the accompanying mechanism.

Having now provided for the regulation of' the pressure and quantity of the air to be delivered to the controller throu h the port 36, I will now proceed to describe the apparatus composing the controller and its method of operation by specific designation of the various parts composing the controller. i

(Fig. 5).

In the form of controller shown in Fig. 5 I have provided a casing 54, a supply port 36. a plug 55 in which a channel 56 has been cut to provide a passageway for the incoming air so that it will have access tothe proper exit port. The plunger 48 is centrally located within the. plug and slides therein. The plug is provided with arms 56 which embrace.' the lower end of thel handle and carry it on its bearings 57. The upper portion of' the plug 55 is extended into a finger 58, the outer end ot' which is tapered to t'orm a cam surt'ace against which the handle 5 lbears when it is moved to the right hand'. of the operator as he stands in front ofl the machine tool with his face to it to operate the mechanism. 59 designates this cam surface on the finger Cont/roller.

58. shell 54 which is utilized for both the inlet of air and the exit of' air. `This port is in communication with the conduit il" which in turn leads to the rear end of the cylinder 2 and also connects with the pneumatic lock 12 ofthe tool turret 20.

Fig. 9 shows the location ot' this-port (30 and also shows the location ofl the port ($1 which communicates with the conduit l7 which in turn leads to the forward end of the cylinder 2. 61 is not shown, necessarily, in Fig. 5.

62 in Fig. 5 designates` an exhaust portwith which (S0 is in communication wheh it is acting as inlet port.

In Fig. 1() the exhaust port (32 is shown as is also another exhaust port (33 which at another time is in comnmnication with the port. 61 when 31 is acting as an inlet port. I may use only one exhaust port and do not mean to confine myself in this particular as it is within the scope of my invention and the question of having one port for exhaust or more than one is a matter ot' convenience. 6l. indicates the channel or passageway for the air to pass from (3() to (32 or from 61 to` 63 or from (51 to 63 and (l2. The method of conveying the air to these passageways will be more fully explained when the description of Figs. 13. 1li and 17 are reached. 65 (Figs. 4, 1l. 16. 17. 19 and 20) indicates a finger attached to the plug 55 to limit its movement trom side to side7 from right to left, or left to right.

In Fig. 14. a modification of Fig. 5 is shown in that the exhaust is located at the top of' the casing 54 instead of' at the bottom` as in Fig. 5. This point of exit is des ignated aty S0. The exhaust may be. either in the shape of' a single or double port.

Referring again to Fig. 9 which is a vertical transverse section ot' Fig.5 on the line (L 36 designates the supply port. 56 the channel in the plug 55 through which the air is conveyed to either ($1 or ($0. The position ofthe plug is such in Fig. il that no air can be delivered in Veither 131 or (i0. The apparatus is dead when placed at this point and` the control handle will be vertical. lf' the handle 5 is moved to the right hand ot' the operator the plug 55 will he shit'ted so that the channel 5o and its port o7 will register with the port (31. thereby allowing the air to flow from the source ot' supply through the regulator into the i``ontroller. through 36. down 56. through 67 out lll into the couduit 7 and thence to the front ot' the cylinder which will force back the piston 1li. move the piston rod 15 and thereby retreat the carriage 19.

If' the handle 5 is moved to the left halid then the plugr 55 will he revolved in the opposite direction until the port (37 coincides with the port o() and the air is permitted to 60 indicates one of the ports in the.

sel

fiow through the conduits 11 and 9 through a pneumatic lock of the tool turret and the rear end of the cylinder, respectively.l `The arriage will then move forward and the tool turret will be locked and its tool mounted in it at :21 will also be locked in position to operate upon the work in hand carried by' the head stock of a lathe.

`When air flows out through (30, through the conduit 9 it passes intothe valve casing or conduit GS which is tapered at (39 to form a seat for the valve piston which is alsov of tapered or conical form of the same angle oftaper as the seat 69. Through the center of this valve piston 70 is a passageway 71. The piston 7() has an extended throat 72 surrounding which is a helical spring 73 whiclrabuts againsty a shoulder 74 on the valve piston 70 at one end and at the other end of the spring abuts against a seat 75 located in the plunger. A needle 7G is adapted to engage the orifice of the passage 71 in order to provide both a guide for the valve piston and a seal for the orifice; Then the valve piston is seated the butterfiy handle 77 is used to adjust the various parts of the valve connected therewith or which come in contact with the needleand the shoulder surrounding the needle.. 78 indicates the port to which the conduit 9 is attached.

Fig. l() is a vertical transverse section on the line c c of Fig. 54 is the shell. 55 is the plug. f8 is the plunger shaft journaled therein. (Sel is the channel or passageway for cominunication with an inlet port and connecting the inlet port to an exhaust port like (l2 or (33.

ln Fig. 11 a similar construction to Fig. 5 is shown save that ports 82 and 83 are both exit ports.

ln Fig. 12 por-ts 84 and are both inlet ports. one of which is sealed b v the. nioving finger 79 of the plug 55 so that Athe air would pass out of either 84 or whichever one happened to be opened.and` thence through the channel 81 out through the port 8O to the atmosphere. This modified forni is shown in Fig. 14. The distinction between the constructionshown in Figs. (S. 9 and v1U and the construction shown in Figs. 11.12 and l-lis that in the first mentioned construction an inlet port was also an outlet or exit port. while in the second construction Iseparate conduits were used for inlety and separate conduits, for exit. Fig. l?, shows the location of ports and channels in the modified forni.

13 indicates the point of attachment ot' the air conduit to the cylinder 813 of the pneumatic lock 12. 98 is the piston traveling in thec vlinder Ho up and down the spindle 8T and its attached parts H8 and H9 consisting oll an added length of spindle screwed onto the first-mentioned spindle 87, the second mentioned spindle being 88. The cylinder 86 rests upon a shoulder 88' on the extended spindle 88 and vis locked thereto by the nut 89. 90 designates the packing' rings on the piston. 91 designates the packing around the piston where it comes in contact with the spindle. 92 is a wedge-shaped head of the expander to expand 4the packing ring 93. The wall of the cylinder 94 has the top or head of the cylinder 95 clamped to it by the bolts v96. 97 indicates-a collar which retains the packing 91.

In operation air is admitted through the conduit 11 and the port 13 into the cylinder. 86 which forces the piston 98 into engagement with the turret 20 and locks the spindle 87 which is fixed to the carriage and to the turret 20, thereby locking the turret and carriage together. Upon the release ofthe air from the'cylinder the connection or lock between the piston head and the turret is free so that. the turret can turn when it is automatically tripped upon the return of the carriage to its rearward position. Upon return of the carriage a new tool is brought into position.

Fig. 18 illustrates the packing ring 93, a wedge-shaped plug 92 to expand the severed packing ring. This wedge-shaped plug 92 engages with the lug 99-99- rllhe shield 100 overlaps the breech in the split ring 93. The plug 92 is advanced or retreated by the screw 101.

Fig. 13 is a bottom plan view showing in dotted lines the location of the ports and passageways of the modified form, illustrated in Figs. 11, 12 and 14.

F ig. 1G isa bottom plan view showing in dotted linoes the location of the ports and passageways of the preferred form shown in Figs. 5, G. 9 and 10. A single exhaust port 86 is shown.

Fig. 17 is a bottoni plan view of the controller plug with the casing 54 in section. lt shows the location of the orifice .67:l and the passageways 64.

Fig. 7 shows the buffer valve or the valve to prevent a rapid exit of air out of the front of the cylinder 2 through the conduit 7. This valve is located in the conduit 7 at 8. Yhen the air is flowing through the orifice 10Q from the conduit 7 and thence into the cylinder 2 to push back the piston, the air flowing in the direction indicated by the arrow. the passage of the air is not disturbed b v the valve in the conduit 7. lVhen the air 'is passing through the valve in the other direction by reason of the: fact that the air ahead of the piston is being forced out of the cylinder as the tool progresses in the work and the tool carriage advances, then the air will affecty the valve slightly. but the valve piston 103 is very slightly1 affected because tbe normal pressure during the exit of the air is not great enough to compress the Aresilient mea-ns in the shape of a helical spring 101 which holds the valve piston 103 in normal position. IVhen, however, the tool is driven through the work and suddenly starts forward, the air will rush lout of the forward end of the cylinder and through the 'conduit 7 This abnormal rush ot' air will ,drive the piston 103 toward its seat 105 and compress the spring 101, thus cutting ott" the Arapid exit of air, and the forward movement of the tool. The air in front of this piston head serves as a pneumatic buffer and prevents the tool from racing forward and striking thehead steek with consequent injury to the mechanism. The fit between the piston 103 and the seat 105 is a loose, running fit, so that some air can seep past thel piston and gradually escape. The bridge .106 is normally in engagement with the piston 103. The piston is'a cylinder with an internal angular recess 107 cut in it which is adapted to engage with the pin 108 serving as a guide to perfectly seat the piston when the helical spring 101 is compressed. The tension of the spring can be adjusted by the set screw 109. Referring to Fig. 8 which is a section of 7 on the line a-n it will be observed that the valve piston 108 is guided by the portions of the bridge 106. which extend downward on each side of the piston 103 and embrace 103 a portion of its circumference. This feature insures the perfect alinement lof 103 relative to the'rest of the valve and its free and rapid movement to take care of the exigencies of its work. l

It has beenfound necessary at times to adjust .the angle of curvature of the diaphragm in the regulator and thereby regulate the lpressure necessary to operate the diaphragm. In order to so change the curvature of this diaphragm, nuts and bolts 110, arranged about the periphery of the casing 111, are provided which connect with lugs 112 on 111 with similar lugs` on the regulator easing 113. 113 may be adjusted in rclation to 111 by the loosening or tightening of these nuts and bolts 110 and the angle of curvature of the diaphragm will be accordingly determined. as will bereadily observed by examining Fig. Q1. The sliding tit of the two parts 113 and 111 can be observed in Figs. 5, 6 and 14 at the points 114.

In Fig. 19 I have illustrated a front elevation of the controller showing the special method of exhaust and its control.

- 5 indicates the handle which in this case has a passageway 116 extending throughout its length which is connected at 11i to a flexible conduit 11S which in turnis coupled at 119' to the pneumatic buffer or check valve illustrated in detail in Figs. 7 and 8 and designated in this figure as 120 in its entirety. 60 and 61 indicate respectively the connections with the right and left hand ends of the cylinder or motor 2.

This form of controller and exhaust may be either used with the regulator or without it. The regulator will maintain the pressure atany desired point according to the way the handle is set in an inward or outward direction. No regulator is used on some classes of work. as for instance when using a positive. turret or when applied to a drill press. 'hen the regulator is eliminated there is provided a constant pressure of a known number of pounds per square. inch from a suitable source of supply.

1:21 indicates the port of exhaust which is a single port in this instance. In this form of my controller when the handle is either turned to the right or left and the machine is in operation the exhaust is constantly going on through 121. 120. 119, 118, 117 and out through 116. To `stop the exhaust the operator puts his tlnunb over the orifice 12'2 and restricts the amount of exhaust at his pleasure, thereby holding the air which would normally pass out the exhaust behind the piston in the cylinder acting as a buffer or check on the rapidity of movement of the. piston. This facilitates a very delicate control of the mechanism and its adaptation to many kinds` of the finest work requiring minute adjustment. varying speeds and varying fluctuations of power. If the exhaust is completely sluit ofi1 by the thumb. of course., the carriage will cease its movement altogether.

In'Fig. 20 is illustrated a vertical longitudinal section of the controller without a. regulator. 30 indicates the conduit from the source of supply ot' air. 5l the casing and 55 Athe valve plug. (S1 indicates the exit or inlet port which communicates with the left hand end of the cylinder 2. By reason of the section the port 00 copnnunicating with the right hand in the cylinder is not shown. The air is admitted through 30 into the assagewa v 1223 and (hence out the port (50 if desired. while at the same time the air from the forward end oi the cylinder will exhaust through 6l into the passageway 1.21 which leads out through the handle 5 normally closed by the pressure of the exhaust. by the valve. 125. This valve 125 may be opened by operation of the plunger 126 which will open the orifice 127 upon the pressure of thev thumb of the operator upon 126. The air will escape through the. passageways 12S. 12S which may be of any number desired. either single. dual. triple, or quadruple. etc. In the form illustrated in Fig. Q0 the exhaust is normally closed rather than normally open as in Fig. 19. In order to open the exhaust and allow the carriage to move when the handle has been moved to either right or left it will be. necessary to depress the plunger 126, releasing the air from behind the piston. The same adjustment can be secured by this method as in Fig. 19. This is avery useful controller on such machines as a drill press alnong others where a uniform and fixed, predetermined pressure of air from the supply is suitable and a variety of pressures is not required. i

Alle-Hiott of operation.

It may be assumed that the work is placed on the work spindle, that one or more tools is placed in the turret and that the turret,

is ready to be advanced to operateon the work.

To advance the turret the operator grasps the handle 5 and moves it toward the left. This carries the plug 55 from the position ot' Fig. 9 to a position such that the opening 67 is directly over the exit G0. rThereupon air under pressure may pass from pipe 36 through plug 55 and out through exit 60. Fig. 9 shows two passages 77 passing to the lock 12 and '78 leading to the cylinder 2. Air passing through the passage 78 will abut the right handside of the pison 16 in Fig. 2, thereby forcing this piston toward the left and thus carrying the turret toward operative posit-ion. At the ysame time air passingthrough air passage 77 will enter the lock 12 as seen in Fig. 15, forcing the lock to locking position and thus preventing accidental rotation of the turret 20. l l

If the handle 5 is moved to the left as just stated without being oscillated around its center pin 57 only a slow movement of the turret will be given, but if" a faster'- movement is desired the handle 5 is pulled more or less toward the right in Fig. 5 at the same timethat it is given the movement to the lett just mentioned. The first of these movements through the diaphragn'i 37 opens the orifice and permits air to enter from the supply tank through pipe 22. Thus the pressure on piston.,10 is increased proportionately to the amount the handle is rocked around its pin 57 and thereby a more rapid movement ot the turret is obtained. Also a greater air pressure may be provided when the'tool engages the work by a further roeking ot' the handle 5 around its pivot 57.

vhen the tool has passed sufliciently into the work return of the handle to the position ot Fig. 1 will stop its forward movement and if the nature of the work is such that the tool passes completely through it then the construction of Fig. 7 prevents shock ot' the tool on the work carrier. This is accomplished by the valve 103 which permits air to pass slowly through passage 102, but an)v sudden increase of pressure in the part ot' cylinder 2 at the lett of piston 10 will cause valve 103 to seat and thereby 'furnish an eti'ective air 4cushion to prevent the rapid movement ot' piston 10.

A movement of the handle 5 toward the cylinder 2.

right in Fig, 1 reverses theva'lve connections in Fig. 9 and permits air to pass through the pipe 7 to the'left-'hand end of As no air passes then through tube 77 thelock 12 is released and the turret QOmay be auton'iatically rotated on .its return stroke as isusual.`

In the return movement of the turret `its speed may be controlled by rocking' the handle 5 toward the right invFig. 5 and thereby increasing the air pressure under the control of diaphragm 37.

'The'two movements of handle 5, namely, its rocking around pivot 57 and its movement to the right or left in Fig. 1 whereby to rotate plug may be given separately or simultaneously and it is evident that the entire operation of the device may be controlled by one hand of the operator by grasping the lever 5 and moving it in one or both of the directions just indicated. It the device is employed without the pressure regulator then the moving outward and inward of the lever is eliminated land its movement is only to the right or left so as to rotate the valve 55.

Having thus Jfully described my invention, what 1 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The above described method of pneumatic control, by delivering air under pressure to the machine tool, by directing such air from the supply in a predetermined direction, by applying the same to a moving part of said machine, by locking another part of said machine to the tirst-n'ientioned part. during said movement of the first-men- Y tioned part.

2. The above described method of pneumatic contrl, by delivering air under pressure to a machine tool, by directing such air 'From the supply in a predetermined direction, by applying the same to a moving part of said machine to move it in one direction, by ydirecting such air from the supply in another predetermined direction, by applying the same to a moving part of the machine to move -it in such second direction, by locking another portion of said machine tool to the first mentioned portion, and by later unlocking the second mentioned portion from the first mentioned portion.

The above described method of pneumatic control, by delivering air under pressure to a machine tool, by directing such air from the supply in a predetermined direction, by applying the same to a moving part ot' said machine to move it in one direction, by directing such air from the supply in another predetern'iined direction, by applying the same to a moving part of the machine to move it in such second direction. by locking another portion of said machine tool to the first-mentioned portion` by later unlocking the second-mentioned portion from the t'irstpart of said machine tool to move in one direction, by directing such air from the supply so regulated in another predetermined direction, by applying the same in said moving part to move it in another direction.

The. above described method of pneumatic control, by delivering air under pressure to a machine tool, by regulating the air pressure for delivery to a moving part ot' the machine tool as compared with the air pressure in the supply, by directing such air from the supply, so regulated` in a predetermined direction, by applying the same to a moving part of said machine tool to move it in one direction, by directing such air from the supply, so regulated, in another predetermined direction, by applying the same to said moving part to move it in another direction and by utilizing air under pressure to actuate a lock by which another machine tool art is locked to the first portion and held m working position.

6. The above described method of pneumatic control, by delivering air under pressure to a machine tool, by regulating the air pressure for delivery to a moving part of the machine tool as compared with the air pressure in the supply, by directing such air from the supply, so regulated,` in a predetermined direction, by applying the same to a moving part of said machine tool to move it in one direction, by directing such air .from the supply. so regulated, in another predetermined direction, by applying the same to said moving part to move it in another direction, by utilizing the air under pressure to actuate a lock by which another machine tool part is locked to the first p0rtion and held in working position. by releasing the air from the lock to unlock the two parts ot' the machine tool.

T. The above described method of pneumatic control. by delivering air under pressure to a machine tool, by regulating the air pressure for delivery to a moving part of the machine tool as compared with the air pressure in the supply, by directing such air from the supply` so regulated, in a predetermined direction, by applying the same to a moving part ot' said machine tool to move it in one direction, by directing such air t'rom the supplyso regulated, in another predetermined direction` by applying the same to said moving part to move it in another direction. by ntilizing the air under pressure to actuate a lock by which another machine tool part is locked to the first portion and held in working position, b releasing the air from the lock to unlock the two parts of the machine tool to permit the chuck to partially revolve to present a new tool to the work upon its heilig so unlocked.

8. The method ot' pneumatic control which consists in supplying a gas under pressure to a machine tool, regulating the pressure of the gas delivered to a moving part of the machine tool, supplying theV gas so regulated to opposite sides of said moving part of the tool, and in providing a single device to control the extent of regulation of the gas pressure and to determine which side of the moving part shall have the gas applied to it.

In testimony whereof, I atiix my signature. i

WALTER G. HAAS. 

